1/30/2024 0 Comments Molecular activity synonym![]() ![]() So, it is really hard to break a NaCl bond in a vacuum. When the products are very stable, there is a smaller energy difference between the bond and the atoms. What this means in physical terms is that when you break a bond, you not only have to look at the stability of the bond, but also the stability of the products. These ions are massively stabilized by the water molecules through non-covalent interactions. This is because the two atoms in an ionic bond (there is no such thing as a purely ionic or covalent bond, it is just what we call the extremes of different ends of a continuum) once separated make ions. In the presence of solvent, such as water, this changes drastically. ![]() But, that is an energy measured in a vacuum. It takes more energy to pull the two atoms apart to infinity than it does in a covalent bond. †Note: Many proteins undergo post-translational modifications that are essential for them to function. §Note: Some enzymes are make of RNA and these RNAs do not get translated. The process of regulating gene expression is highly complex, but there is KhanAcademy material on this is several places - I recommend starting here: ![]() In fact, most multicellular organisms depend on their microbiota for survival! The digestive system of animals is one example of this. However, multicellular organisms are colonized by many different microbes (these may be prokaryotes or other eukaryotes such as fungi) - these microbes often supply enzyme activities that aid the organism. Typically enzymes found within a cell are encoded by the DNA of that cell. Enzymes are encoded as genes in the DNA - these genes are then transcribed to produce RNA and (for most enzymes§) then translated† to make a protein that has a catalytic activity (i.e. ![]()
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